The reasons for the development, treatment, prevention of scoliosis in children

Scoliosis in children is a frequent phenomenon. The disease represents a curvature associated with the vertebral axis deviation from normal position in the frontal plane. It often appears rotation – rotation of the vertebrae (the twist along the vertical plane). The name comes from the Latin "Scoliosis", which means "curve".

Scoliosis in children is a common disease of our time

causes of pediatric scoliosis

The Children's scoliosis is formed due to the disproportionate development of bone and muscle systems in the process of growth, wrong landing at a Desk, carrying heavy backpacks, and sedentary lifestyle and many other reasons. However, in most cases, is diagnosed idiopathic lateral curvature of the spine, which experts to establish the cause of pathology is not possible. There is a classification of the disease, taking into account the specific age features of the disease:

  • Children's scoliosis (up to 3 years)
  • Juvenile (3-10 years)
  • Youth (during puberty);
  • Adult (after 20 years).

depending on the age, formed the anatomical features of the curvature and is chosen for treatment. When choosing methods of treatment of the disease should take into account the extent of the disease:

  • 1 degree – angle at the apex of the curvature of 5-10 degrees;
  • 2 degree to 25 degrees;
  • 3 degree to 60 degree;
  • 4 degree – 60 degree.

The Degree of scoliosis was assessed on the basis of radiographs of the spine in the frontal projection by the method of Cobb.

illustration of a healthy spine and scoliosis child

Treatment for gymnastics and exercises

Of Course, prevention of scoliosis in children should be undertaken from an early age. Charging helps to strengthen the muscle corset back that will prevent slippage of the vertebral column with the rapid growth of the child's body. In the presence of frontal curvature of the 1st degree charge is not cancelled. She is at home between physical therapy sessions (physical therapy). With a slight shift suggest the following exercise for kids:

  • Lie on your back, and concavity enclose cushion
  • Lift your chest, trying to grab his arms to the seat located in front;
  • Return to the horizontal position.

The Above exercise is lightweight. Use it to treat curvature of the child is possible only to prepare for more complex exercises. Professional therapeutic exercise includes a variety of specialized exercises aimed at strengthening almost all muscle groups: strength, breathing and movement. Features of exercise therapy for the treatment of children with 6-7 years:

  • Corrective symmetrical charging at 1 the extent of the disease;
  • symmetric Breathing exercises – in 2-stage;
  • Asymmetrical decisiona gymnastics at 3 and 4 stages.

Home treatment of scoliosis in children with 6 years includes exercises with bends, turns, twists to enhance the flexibility of the spine. Complex of physical training with weights helps to pererastayut vertebral axis, should therefore be administered only by a physician.

At a bend 2-3 degrees better to train in a specialized medical institution (rehabilitation centre, hospital). For these purposes, are usually formed of groups of children by 10-15 people. At the age of 6-7 years will be quite a workout duration of 30 minutes during 10 days. During this time, of course, correct the abnormal bending will fail, but the muscular system will get used to heavy loads. In subsequent repetitions, the load will increase.

photo-and radiograph of scoliosis in child

The pathological curvature of the spine 1 degrees in the frontal plane charging at home is conducted in 3 stages:

  1. the Preparatory phase involves walking and swinging arms, which allows to strengthen muscles of the shoulder girdle and the lower limbs. Breathing exercises, short running and correct posture – helps to correct the skeletal muscles of the back;
  2. On the main stage are corrective and breathing exercises. They are aimed at improving strength endurance muscles. Training on the gym wall, outdoor games, lifting heavy objects increases the endurance of the abdominals and muscular frame back;
  3. the Final stage involves relaxation exercises back muscles, normalization of the respiratory muscles.

To Treat abnormal curvature of gymnastics in 6-7 year old children physical activity can be and parents, if the degree of lateral bending did not exceed 15 degrees. It is only necessary to keep the charging symmetrically affect both sides of the body.

Detorsion exercises should be prescribed by the orthopaedist-traumatologist. Asymmetrical exercises will help to correct the deformity just in case its correctrun. Stretched and weakened muscles need strengthening, but to train them slowly and gradually. Before prescribing physical therapy in child rehabilitation centers is estimated the strength of the muscles of the trunk and extremities.

It is also Important to determine the endurance of skeletal muscle. To do this, calculate the time required to hold the weight of the torso in the supine position. Normal endurance:

  • 6 To 11 years – 2 minutes;
  • 12 to 15 years – 2,5-3 minutes.

To determine the endurance of the abdominals is necessary to count the number of transitions from the horizontal to the sitting position. In this case the child's legs must be fixed. Normal endurance abdominals:

  • In 7-11 years – about 17 navigation;
  • 12-15 years – 30.

The Definition of power endurance can be done at home after the course of treatment.

Preventing curvature of the spine swimming

Therapy is a lateral deformity of the spine swimming is carried out regardless of the cause of the disease and its extent. It is most effective for scoliosis stage 1 and 2. To cure the curvature of swimming, you should choose brass on the chest. During an extended pause, the spine is pulled, and the muscles of the body tense.

The Unloading of the spine is performed when swimming butterfly, but in its pure form, to children till 7 years it is better not to apply. To treat curvature of 1 degree doctors recommend individual elements from each style. For small children apply simple exercises, which should be more fun. For example, teach your child to "swim breaststroke", locking under the bed legs. Every night on the floor to perform with him such exercises. It is desirable that the arms were fixed back in the castle. The kid must rise upwards at an angle of 45 degrees, and your back should be aligned.

After the muscles got a little stronger and the child has mastered the basic movement of the water, walk with him in the pool. Recall that swimming helps with scoliosis, regardless of the cause of the disease.

Optimal use of the pool about 2 times a week. Just note that the rabbit babies are contraindicated. It is also forbidden jumping into the water.
the treatment and prevention of scoliosis in children should be combined with navigation

Hippotherapy

Hippotherapy – treatment while riding on a horse. This method is used rare rehabilitation centers, but shows good results in children. Riding is great exercise for the torso of the child. When this muscle tone is formed symmetrically on both sides.

It Should be noted that during walking the horse rider's heart rate increases to 100 beats per minute. When you gallop up to 170 beats. This trains cardiovascular system. While riding all the muscles of the body work intensively, due to the transfer of impulses from the horse.

high load Occurs on the inner surface of the thighs when riding horses, but for a child it may be too big. Start hippotherapy with distance. The child's feet should be supported on the stirrups and to work in rhythm with the horse's movements. Spring effect helps to improve the blood supply to the spine and strengthens the gluteus muscles.

Hippotherapy forms a Royal posture, regardless of the cause and type of spinal curvature. It is an excellent prevention of diseases of the spinal column, but should be rationally to all types of treatment of back strain in children. Usually a group of leading hippotherapy is a physical therapist. He daily determines in what position and how to ride the rider. Ill never manages the horse, and led by a coach. A child with a deformity of the spine is restricted in movement, so may fall. To avoid this, the physiotherapist secures the rider with a harness.