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Types, preparation, the effects of operations on correction of scoliosis 3, 4 degrees

The Operation to correct the scoliosis is the only method that allows to eliminate cosmetic defects of the back and relieve the person of pain in lateral dislocation of the spinal column 4 degrees.

Other degrees of pathology doctors initially treated by conservative methods. To surgery begin only when the therapy is not effective. Surgery of scoliosis carried out in cases of emergency, when there is a threat to human life.

operation on the spine for scoliosis grade 3 and 4

Principles and features of surgical treatment of curvature of the spine

surgical treatment of scoliosis is an extreme measure, as the manipulation is associated with risk of complications. Indications for surgical intervention in the lateral displacement of the spine:

  • the Ineffectiveness of conservative measures in the treatment of pain. For this reason is held about 85 percent of surgery in the frontal (sideways) curvature of the vertebral axis;
  • Increased curvature of the spine. If the deformation is increased up to 40 degrees, doctors prescribe surgery. When the curvature is less than 60 degrees, there is a faulty pulmonary and cardiac systems;
  • Some patients go into surgery in the presence of the disfiguring cosmetic defect spins when the lateral deformation of the vertebral axis.

Before the surgeon performing the operation, we face several important tasks:

  1. possible to eliminate the distortion;
  2. to prevent or to correct a spinal cord compression;
  3. to Protect nerve fibers from further damage;
  4. to Prevent the subsequent development of curvature.

In most cases, surgery is performed when growth of the spinal column close to the final stage (age 16-19 years). In adults surgical treatment of scoliosis is carried out to eliminate compression syndrome. In the presence of comorbidities is difficult to ensure complete restoration of the physiological axis of the vertebral column.

Emergency intervention is performed regardless of age, when pathological changes are life-threatening. Such situation occurs when severe spinal cord compression, prolapsed intervertebral disk.

Surgical treatment of the disease refers to a number of complex. When executed, the required accuracy of each manipulation, as error can lead to disability because of nerve damage.

It Should be noted that after the intervention straightens the spine that is abnormal condition, as during the development of the disease the body is used to a different posture. Against this background, there is a temporarily disruption of the blood supply and innervation of the internal organs. To eliminate them for several months of conservative therapy, the symptoms arise.

The Main types of operations for curvature of the spine:

  • Stabilization and correction of the vertebral axis;
  • Correction of defects of the vertebrae;
  • Limit the asymmetry of the muscular system;
  • Elimination of cosmetic defects.

When there is a sideways curvature of the spine 3 or 4 surgeons have to perform several types of operations simultaneously.

preparation for surgery

In 60% of cases surgical interventions are made urgently, so the prior preparation of the patient no time left. However, the operation is quite complex and it is desirable that the patient is well prepared for her not only physically but also mentally. Surgery for scoliosis is performed in less than an hour, so it is performed under General anesthesia to eliminate discomfort for patients.

Intervention is the key to a new life, and for rehabilitation after a person need to power.

The Doctor before surgery examines the patient's body. Be sure to perform x-rays of the spine in various positions (sitting, standing, from the side). They will help determine the type of surgical treatment and to develop the tactics of conducting the patient.

the patient before and after surgical treatment of scoliosis

the patient before and after surgical treatment of scoliosis

What to expect after surgery

scoliosis is a 3 or 4 degree greatly complicates the life of a man. After surgical treatment the patient returns to normal life.

How did the exercise:

  • In the first 3 or 4 days a person should observe strict bed rest. Allowed slight movement on the bed. Get up and walk you through the week;
  • 8 days is spine radiographyto control. At about the same time classes physical therapy;
  • a foot Massage can be done 6-10 days after the surgery;
  • If the patient underwent surgery for scoliosis 3 or 4, probably support the appointment of corsets until then, until the muscular system will not function properly;
  • the Following control x-rays or computed tomography performed after 3 months.

The rehabilitation Period is shortened to 6 months in adolescents, as they have a vertebral column is quickly restored. In adults it lasts about a year and requires regular exercise and in most cases the wearing of orthopedic corsets.

Types of spinal surgery for scoliosis

surgical intervention on the spine are performed using high technologies. Most of existing methods of neurosurgical manipulations carried out with minimal tissue trauma.

Correction of spine deformations is carried out by installation of metal structures. They fix the vertebral segment in the correct position, and prevented their mobility.

Kinds of metal pins:

  • Movable
  • Fixed.

Movable structure established for young people whose vertebral column has a tendency to increase. Because of this the metal system used for the surgical treatment of curvature in young people, grow vertically.

Fixed types have a lower cost and installed for scoliosis in adults.

Practice for installation of metal posts for scoliosis:

  1. Method of Harrington. Began to be used in the last century. For fixation of the spine, there is a specific plate from the rod and hooks. The rod is on the side of curvature, the hooks are mobile and allow you to optimally set the position of the vertebral axis. On the side of the convexity is the second rod that is designed to limit the offset.

surgery to install a Harrington pin is about 3 hours. This method does not eliminate scoliosis 4 degrees, as it may offset of the vertebral axis in the direction of only 60 degrees;

surgical treatment of scoliosis by the method of Harrington

  1. Method of Correla-Dubose developed in France. It is different from the Harrington method that does not require wearing orthopedic corset for long-term rehabilitation phase, because of the specific features of steel structures. It consists of flexible rods and hooks that are attached to the vertebrae;

method of surgical treatment of scoliosis Debussy

  1. the Method involves the installation of a Hatch in the warp special design consisting of a Central cylinder and wire. The design is quite stable and does not require the wearing of a corset after the surgery;

konstrukcja So looks set for correction of the spine according to the method of Hatch

  1. Method of cilice is used not only for correction of spinal deformity, but also to eliminate compression syndrome (pinched nerves). It involves the use of several pairs of elements (screws and rods) which is securely fixed to the vertebrae. After installation of the pin requires prolonged wearing of a corset.

Design zilke used in the operation of scoliosis 3 and 4 Tapani

What methods are being used in local hospitals

In the domestic medical institutions applied metal construction fishchenko, Kazmina, Gavrilova, Rodnyansky Gupalov, Chaklin.

Feature Kazmina distractor is that the device is fixed with the lumbar spine and iliac bone. The device is practical for scoliosis of the 3rd degree, when there is a shift of angle of the pelvis.

Endocorrector Rodnyansky Gupalov may consist of one or 2 plates. It may be used when dysplastic scoliosis, when there are abnormalities of the structure of the vertebrae, leading to lateral curvature of the spine to 50 degrees. This situation often occurs when the disease Chairman Mau (juvenile dorsal kyphosis).

In European countries, surgical treatment of scoliosis is carried out everywhere. Due to careful study of the tools and low-traumatic methods for patients with lumbar surgery allows you to quickly return to a normal life.

However, these interventions are not cheap. For example, correction of scoliosis by the method of Correla-Dubose in America costs about 250 thousand dollars. Her conduct and domestic surgeons at lower prices. However, due to insufficient equipment of our clinics complications after the procedure we observed more frequently.

Despite significant international developments in the field of scoliosis surgery, in local clinics, doctors prefer conservative therapies pathology. Surgery is performed in cases of emergency or when usedmedications are not effective.