Application features and advantages of inactivated polio vaccine

polio Vaccine inactivated significantly different from the oral form. Polio, a disease characterized by the severity of that caused by the polio virus 1,2 and 3 types. It affects the nervous system, most of the gray substance of the spinal cord that leads to paralysis and occurring inflammatory processes in the intestinal mucosa and the nasopharynx. These diseases can masquerade as acute respiratory infections or intestinal infection, this should be remembered. Outbreaks linked to a greater extent with polio type 1. Mankind has always struggled with various infections. Only in 50-ies of XX century, two American scientists – Salk and Sabin – were able to create polio vaccines. Their invention forever changed the world. First developed a vaccine consisting of killed virus. It allowed to eliminate and localize dangerous disease.

How to use the vaccine?

Inactivated vaccines can be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously.

The Introduction should be carried out only in specialized medical institutions: clinics, hospitals, infirmaries, etc.

Before vaccination in medical records must indicate all dates of revaccination. Should be fixed:

• the name of the vaccine administered;
• manufacturer;
• APP;
• party;
• contact information for the person responsible for vaccination of the patient;
• date of the procedure.

The First vaccine against polio administered to children who have reached 2 months of age. Subsequent grafting should be done in 4 months. The third dose is given between 6 and 18 months. Immunization is repeated at ages 4 to 6 years. Infants perceive inactivated form of the vaccine is easy, and cases of severe reactions are rare. It is important to observe optimal dosage, it should not be more than 4 doses. Vaccination against polio has no generics.

Methods of caution

Despite the fact that the polio vaccine remains safe, it can cause harm to individuals. These include patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. Before vaccination, they should definitely consult with your doctor.

Must be particularly vigilant to those patients who were diagnosed with an allergic reaction to a previously administered vaccine or specific components. The physician should postpone the introduction of vaccination in that case, if the patient showed a strong reaction to one of the following antibiotics: Neomycin, Polymyxin b or Streptomycin. If after vaccine administration the patient has a direct threat to life, the vaccination is canceled. Special preparation for the start of the vaccination is not required. The main thing to remember is that the scheduled date of the patient must be completely healthy. Before the need to conduct visual inspection and the results to draw conclusions. If it was found poor, incomplete condition of the patient, the date of introduction of the offset.

Side effects of

In Addition to the entire list of positives to emphasize and side effects. After vaccination for 24 to 72 hours is necessary to monitor the current state of the patient. In case of detection of side effects you should immediately call a doctor, who will prescribe the necessary pain relievers and antipyretics. Their composition does not contain any aspirin, and the reception frequency in the first days after the introduction should range from 4 to 6 hours.

Following the recommendations, you can reduce pain and body temperature. There are a number of effects that may not require the timely intervention of doctors. They can be temporary and do not pose great discomfort to the patient:

• nervousness
• pain
• fever (<39 °C);
• redness of skin
• reduced activity
• fatigue
• swelling
• nausea and retching.

If the patient were found the following phenomena, something about them must be reported immediately:

• reduced activity
• lethargy
• high body temperature (>39 °C);
• difficulty in breathing, pallor;
• crying that lasts over 3 hours;
• itching of the skin.

Before introducing the vaccine, it is necessary to install the current clinical picture, which may be identified in the survey, and simple medical techniques. If the patient has a weakened immune system, increased or high body temperature or a specific reaction to individual components of the drug, it is best to refrain from using. During pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended to use this type of vaccine. Self-treatment and self-diagnosis always bear a direct threat to the life of the patient. Before vaccination, make sure that the condition allows it.

Literature:

Sabel V. B., Malyshkina L. P.: a global organizationhealth and the eradication of infectious diseases in the world // problems of Virology: journal. – Moscow: "Medicine", Institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitis them. M. P. Chumakov, RAMS, 2005. – Vol. 50, No. 3. – ISSN 0507-4088